| 珠江三角洲五桂山构造地貌形成与演化研究 |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-03 修订日期：2024-10-28 点此下载全文 |
| 引用本文：黄孝波.珠江三角洲五桂山构造地貌形成与演化研究[J].地质与勘探,2025,61(1):128-141 |
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| 基金项目:中山市多要素三维城市地质调查（编号：442000-201903-2019001-0011（ZZ21909738））和广东省国土资源保护与治理专项资金(地质灾害防治方向) “珠江三角洲基底断裂探查研究项目”(编号：2017201)联合资助 |
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| 中文摘要:珠江三角洲是一个断块型三角洲，五桂山位于其南部，由五桂山北断裂、五桂山南断裂、白坭-沙湾断裂和西江断裂共同控制其构造地貌形态。基于野外调查和资料收集，分析了五桂山断隆区构造地貌特征和边界断裂特征；通过区域地质分析、重力剖面测量、第四系剖面测制、同位素测年、阶地分析等手段，研究了五桂山构造地貌的形成与演化。研究认为，五桂山北断裂、五桂山南断裂为深大断裂，断裂切割深度达软流圈，五桂山地区低重力异常，是五桂山得以抬升成“山”的先决条件和物质基础。自侏罗纪至新近纪，五桂山一直处于海平面以上遭受风化剥蚀，五桂山雏形形成于早-中更新世；中更新世以来断裂活化，断块之间受重力作用发生差异沉降，自6.4万年以来五桂山周边沉降区开始普遍接受沉积，差异沉降持续进行导致各断块之间高程差异不断加大；自2万年以来至5000年之间断块差异沉降速度有减弱的趋势并持续至今，从而形成五桂山现今的构造地貌形态。 |
| 中文关键词:构造地貌 演化 五桂山 珠江三角洲 |
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| Tectonic geomorphology formation and evolution of the Wugui Mountain in Pearl River Delta |
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| Abstract:The Pearl River Delta is a fault-block delta, and the Wugui Mountain is located in the south of the delta. The tectonic geomorphology of the Wugui Mountain was jointly controlled by the north Wuguishan fault, south Wuguishan fault, Baini-Shawan fault and the Xijiang fault. On the basis of field investigations and data collection, this work analyzed the tectonic geomorphology of Wugui Mountain and the features of boundary faults. We also conducted regional geological analysis, gravity profile measurements, Quaternary profile measurements, 14C and OSL dating measurement and terrace analysis, and attempted to determine the formation and evolution of the Wugui Mountain. Results show that the north Wuguishan fault and south Wuguishan fault have a great cutting depth, which even cut through the asthenosphere. The low-gravity anomalies in the Wugui Mountain are the prerequisite and material basis for its uplift. From the Jurassic to the Neogene, the Wugui Mountain was always above the sea level and suffered from denudation. The prototype of Wuguishan was formed in the early to middle Pleistocene. Since the middle Pleistocene, the faults in Wugui Mountain have been reactivated, and differential subsidence has occurred between fault blocks due to gravity. Since 0.64 Ma, the subsidence area around Wugui Mountain has generally accepted sedimentation, and the continuous differential subsidence has led to an increasing elevation difference between each fault blocks. During 20, 000 to 5, 000 years before present, there was a decreasing trend in the differential subsidence rate of the fault blocks, which has continued to this day, thus forming the current tectonic landform of the Wugui Mountain. |
| keywords:tectonic geomorphology, formation, evolution, Wugui Mountain, Pearl River Delta |
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